The constitution also states that citizens are equal in rights and obligation with no discrimination among them on grounds of sex, origin, language, religion, or creed. In february 2012, a committee of experts that was appointed specifically for the purpose of drawing up a new constitution for the country submitted its final draft to the president. The new constitution 2012 in which stipulates that. Feb 26, 2012 syria to vote on new constitution as violence continues. Beirut syrian president bashar alassad on wednesday ordered a referendum to be held feb. The syrian arab republic constitution of 2012, arabic. The constitution of the syrian arab republic of 2012. Home law and cases legislation constitution of the syrian arab republic of 2012. Iraq hosts syrian, iranian, and palestinian refugees, and many iraqis have been internally displaced as a result of civil sectarian strife within iraq. However, fourteen years after he came to power, it is safe to say that assads magic wand is the syrian constitutionat least, it. The object of the committees work is also called into question by both sides. The original in arabic as well as an english translation were published by the constitute project and are accessible via the following links. The 157article proposed charter would drop article 8 of the syrian constitution which declares. The syrian constitution 19732012 carnegie middle east.
Syrias president bashar alassad and his wife asma vote during a referendum on a new constitution at a polling station in a syrian tv station building in damascus february 26, 2012. Response congressional research service 2 emerged as a persistent challenge for u. During the geneva negotiation in 2016, the syrian opposition recommended the immediate suspension of. The permanent syrian constitution of march, 1973 peter b. Article 10 of the syrian constitution as amended in 2012 states that associations. Oct 31, 2019 the new constitution would act as a prelude to u.
Syrian arab republic since 2011, have caused enormous losses of economic structures and negatively affected the efforts of the syrian state institutions and civil society for protecting the environment and supporting national plans of adaptation and mitigation. English translation of the syrian constitution modifications 15022012 5 cc by qordoba translation about this document on february 15, 2012, amid rising unrest in the country, syrian president bashar alassad announced that the country would hold a referendum on a new constitution. Drafting a modern constitution for syria syrian expert house. The objective of meeting was to agree on a new constitution for syria, however it still reamins unclear that if this will mean redrafting existing. In response to the syrian uprising, president bashar alassad ordered a new constitution to be drafted.
Peace talks fail despite attempts by the arab league and the united nations to implement cease. From june 1july 2, 2012, the international republican institute iri and pechter polls of princeton, nj p3 surveyed members of the syrian opposition. The completion of this constitution crowns our peoples struggle on the road of the principle of popular democracy, is a clear guide for the peoples march toward the future and a regulator of the movement of the state and its various institutions, and is a source of its legislation. Chapter 4 drafting a modern constitution for syria the constitutional culture in syria f ifteen different constitutions have been issued in syria since the foundation of the modern syrian state in 1920. Syria, april 2005 but with damascus as the seat of the islamic umayyad empire, which extended as far as spain and india between 661 and 750, most syrians became muslim, and arabic replaced aramaic. We hope that the draft constitution proposed by us, can and should be a certain guide for the final version, announced stanislav gadzhimagomedov, deputy. Constitution of the syrian arab republic 1973, as amended to 2012. However, fourteen years after he came to power, it is safe to say that assads magic wand is the syrian constitutionat least, it has been able to solve all of his own problems. Transitional governing body and the 2012 constitution. Jan 29, 2017 russia has proposed a draft to serve as a guide for the syrian constitution, russian military said adding that the final document must be worked out solely by the syrian people.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Syria simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The new syrian constitution, drafted by russia and presented to opposition leaders, has been obtained by sputnik. P3 provided consultative guidance on the surveys implementation and analysis. As the international syria support group issg, cochaired by the us and russia, meets again in vienna, this makes it even more likely that president bashar alassad would remain part of any new syrian government.
The constitution had one amendment in 1981 which required the president to be of muslim faith, and a second amendment in 2000 which set the minimum age of the president from 40 to 34. Russian draft serves as guide for final syrian constitution. Earlier in the week, the draft syrian constitution, prepared by russian experts, was presented to the syrian opposition during the settlement talks in the capital of kazakhstan. Causes, consequences, and recommendations for mitigation a paper commissioned by the center for the prevention of genocide, united states holocaust memorial museum by ambassador frederic c. Previously, negotiations over a new constitution were not meant to start until agreement on a transitional government had been reached.
The syrian governments delegation asserts that the committees work should be focused on amending the current syrian constitution, which was adopted in 2012, while the opposition delegates insist. The constitution is based on the following major principles. Overwhelming support for constitutional reform ballot. In response to the syrian civil war, president bashar alassad ordered a new constitution to be drafted. According to the 2012 constitution, the president is elected by syrian people in a direct election. Although the constitution of 2012 nullified article 8, which stated that the bath party was the leading party of the state and society, the broad and farreaching powers of the president remained unchanged.
Full text of the new syrian draft constitution sputnik. Constitution of the syrian arab republic 2012 preamble arab civilization, which is part of human heritage, has faced through its long history great challenges aimed at breaking its will and subjecting it to colonial domination, but it has always rose through its own creative abilities to exercise its role in building human. In his inauguration speech in 2000, president bashar alassad said he did not have a magic wand with which to solve all the problems of syria. Apr 17, 2019 the syrian government has been controlled by the alassad family since 1970. Hof, senior fellow, rafik hariri center for the middle east, atlantic council of the united states and. Library of congress federal research division country profile. The constitution says the president must be a muslim. English translation of the syrian constitution modifications 15022012. Institute of world economy and international relations imemo moscow. Iraq hosts syrian, iranian, and palestinian refugees, and many iraqis have been internally displaced as a. This constitutional referendum was not monitored by foreign observers. To improve the performance of our website, show the most relevant news products and targeted advertising, we collect technical impersonal information about you, including through the tools of our partners.
Heller the latest major exercise in syrian constitution writing came to fruition on march, 1973, when a new charter, qualified as permanent, went into force following its approval by the peoples assembly on january 31 and by popular referendum on march 12. Arab civilization, which is part of human heritage, has faced. The syrian conflict is as a multilayered struggle involving many actors and interests. In february 2012, a committee of experts that was appointed specifically for the purpose of drawing up a new constitution for the. Syria to vote on new constitution as violence continues. Institute of world economy and international relations imemo moscow the events of summer 2012 marked an important in the syrian crisisshift. Egypt hosts syrian, sudanese, ethiopian, somali, eritrean, palestinian, and iraqi refugees. The constitution does not, therefore, set the conditions for acquiring or losing nationality this is done through a separate decree. During the 20112012 syrian uprising, a new constitution was put to a referendum. Text of draft syrian constitution proposed by russia.
The syrian constitutional committee is a united nationsfacilitated constituent assembly process, which seeks to reconcile the syrian government headed by president bashar alassad and the syrian opposition, in the context of the syrian peace process, by amending the current or adopting a new constitution of syria. It is a member of the 1951 convention on the status of refugees. Constitution of syria document, english womens learning. In response to months of persistent demonstrations, uprisings and violence, the syrian state has engaged in a number of reforms. Article 43 of the syrian constitution, established in 1973 under baath party ruling, recognizes that syrian citizenship is to be regulated by legislation. The constitution gave syria an administrative council of elected and appointed officials, as well as municipal councils whose members were chosen by religious leaders. However, its constitutional history can be traced to 1876 when the ottoman empire allowed it to have a written constitution for the first time. English translation of the syrian constitution modifications 1502. It was approved by a vast majority of participants, however, it lacked the legitimacy due to. The objective of meeting was to agree on a new constitution for syria, however it still reamins unclear that if this will mean redrafting existing constitution, written in 2012, or starting from beginning. Russian draft serves as guide for final syrian constitution mod 29 jan, 2017 09. A syrian citizen marks a ballot paper with her blood at a polling station during a referendum on the new constitution, in damascus, syria, on sunday feb. Arab civilization, which is part of human heritage, has faced through its long history great challenges.
Although the new constitu tion the constitution of 2012 nullified article 8, which stated that the baath party was the leading party of the state and society, the. Summary there is little discrimination against religious minorities under syrian law. Constitution of the syrian arab republic 1973, as amended. The current constitution of the syrian arab republic was adopted on 26 february 2012. Structural factors present within the country created tensions when the revolutionary wave of the arab spring invested the frustrations of many segments of the.
A constitutional referendum was held in syria on 26 february 2012. This content is exclusively provided by fao faolex ecolex. Nearly all of syrias radio and television outlets are state owned. In 2019, turkey launched a cross border military operation attempting to expel syrian kurdish u. Constitution of the syrian arab republic 2012 preamble arab civilization, which is part of human heritage, has faced through its long history great challenges aimed at breaking its will and subjecting it to colonial domination, but it has always rose through its own creative abilities to. The referendum was not monitored by foreign observers. Transitional governing body and the 2012 constitution the formation of an inclusive transitional governing body with full executive powers emphasis added and credible, inclusive and nonsectarian governance require amendments to no fewer than 21 articles of the 2012 constitution, including. June 2012, is interpreted by the syrian opposition and its regional and global. Bashar alassad and his government the syrian conflict. Priorities and interests the size of the refugee populations in syrias neighbors poses daunting logistical and. Russia has proposed a draft to serve as a guide for the syrian constitution, russian military said adding that the final document must be worked out solely by the syrian people. During the 20112012 syrian uprising, a new constitution was put to a.
The current constitution of the syrian arab republic came into force in 2012. Shift on syrian constitution could help assad survive. Hivaids and the world of work branch iloaids legislation and policies. The previous version of the syrian constitution dates back from 1973 and has been valid up until february 2012 when the syrian government amended the text. The constitution protects the rights of all communities, including the various religious sects.
In a national referendum syrian voters approve a new constitution that. The syrian government refers to itself as the syrian arab republic, however syria is not, and has not been, a democracy with free and fair elections. A third option was to reinstate syrias 1950 constitution as an. Text of draft syrian constitution proposed by russia revealed. The syrian government has been controlled by the alassad family since 1970. Syrians vote in a referendum on sunday on a new constitution which president bashar alassad, fighting an 11monthold revolt against his rule, says will pave the way for a multiparty.
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